Exhaust control for air hammers



June l, 1943.

o. o. APPTON EXHAUST CONTROL FOR AIR HAMMERS originl Filed Mayle, 1938' lNvENToR Oum? O. ,4P/:mv

ATTORNEY Patented .lune 1, 1943 EXHAUST CONTROL FOR AIR HAMIHERS @liver 0. Appton, New York, N. Y., assignor to Lorintha B. Appton, New York, N. Y.

Original application May 19, 1938, Serial No.

238,773, now Patent No. 2,265,989, dated December 16, 1941.

Divided and this application December 15, 1941, Serial No. 423,630

6 Claims.

This invention relates to what are commonly referred to as automatic 'hammers employing plungers actuated through the medium of compressed air or other pressure fluid, and the object of the present invention is to provide an improved means for controlling and regulating the exhaust of the hammer, thereby controlling the power of the hammer and adapting it to many different uses, in producing what might be termed light and heavy work, and with these and other objects in view the invention consists in an implement ci the class described which is constructed as more fully hereinafter described.

The invention is fully disclosed in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawing forms a part, in which the separate parts of my invention are designated by suitable reference characters in each of the views, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through an implement made according to my invention.

Fig. 2 is a plane View of one end portion of the implement.

Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line 3 3 of Fig. l; and

Fig. i is a cross section on the line 4-4 of Fig. l.

The present application constitutes a division of my prior application filed under the name of Oliver O. App, Ser. No. 208,773, May 19, 1938, now Patent No. 2,265,989, issued December 16, 1941, since which time my name has been legally changed to the name used in this application.

To illustratev the general structure of the implement or hammer, the following brief description is submitted..

lll represents the cylinder, II the casing or sleeve iitting on the cylinder and forming ports or passages longitudinally thereof which control the passage of air or other iiuid pressure in the operation of the hammer. At I2 is shown the hollow cap on one end of the casing with which an air supply is adapted to be coupled in supplying air to the various ports or passages of the harnmer. At I 3 is shown a plug, seating in one end of the cylinder and on the cap, which controls the feed of air into the cylinder.

In the bore M of the cylinder is arranged a piston, plunger or hammer I5 having two cylindrical portions i6 and il controlling various ports I8, I9, 23 and 2| as well as intake ports 22 and exhaust ports 23 and 24. The ports 23 and 24 open into a long passage 25 which communicates with exhaust passages 23 arranged at the end portion of the cylinder in which the tool 21 is supported.

A chuck 28 is employed to retain the tool 2l against displacement from saidend of the cylinder. The inner end of the tool 21 is adapted to be engaged by the end 29 oi the plunger or hammer I5. Arranged upon said end portion of the hammer is a throttle valve 3|) which controls passage of compressed air from the source of supply to the various ports I8, I9, 2D, 2| and the ports 22 in accordance with the teachings in said prior application.

The present application deals with the construction of applicants baille in controlling the exhaust from the implement, and, therefore, such parts only of the implement as will give a general outline of the structure are herein included and reference to all other details of construction are omitted for sake of clarity.

At 3| I have shown an exhaust baffle in the form of a wide ring or sleeve freely rotatable on the outer reduced end 32 of the casing II and having an outer inturned iiange 33 engaging a flange 34 on the chuck to prevent `displacement of the baiiie from the implement. The bore oi the baiiie has an eccentric or crescent shaped passage 35 forming a groove or channel adapted to register with the exhaust ports 26 of the casing. The baiile 3| has ports 36 centrally of the passage 35 and opening to atmosphere. With this construction, by rotating the baffle upon the casing, the ports 35 may be entirely shut off, or these ports partially opened. On the other hand, the direction of the exhaust may be diverted to diierent angles, with certain limitsV of adjustment of the baffle, to prevent the exhaust from contacting the operator directly. This is accomplished by the direction of rotation of the baiile.

In the accompanying drawing, certain of the ports are shown in pairs, but it will be understood that any number of single or multiple port arrangements may be provided asdesired. In this connection four ports have been shown, both on the baiile and on the casing to control the exhaust, but here again the number of, and arrangement of, the ports may be varied, especially on difierent types of implements.

The outer end portion of the baffle 3| has an enlarged bore 31 in which is arranged a coil spring 33. One end 39 protrudes radially inward to engage ratchet teeth 4!! formed on the outer end of the cylinder I0; whereas the other end 4I of the spring enters a socket formed in the inturned flange 33 of the baie 3| as clearly seen in Fig. 1 of the drawing. With this construction, it will be apparent that the baille may be held in different positions of adjustment upon the implement to maintain a predetermined regulated exhaust. It is also preferred that the ratchet engagement be such as to permit adjustment of the baille in either direction rather then in a single direction which can be governed by the construction of the teeth or projections of the ratchet employed.

It may be generally stated that my invention deals with an implement of the character described employing a rotatable adjustable baille with means retaining the baille in different positions of 'adjustment in controlling predetermined operations of the implement. The implement is relatively light in weight and yet capable of performing heavy duties, for example, the implement may be utilized in performing various types and kinds of operations upon various kinds and classifications of Work-pieces, in the removal of cement, plaster, mortar and other materials, and in many trimming operations upon various metal Workpieces, for example, in trimming excessive materials at Welded joints. The implement may be further used in performing different types and kinds of riveting operations, in Wood carving and in many other uses too numerous to name.

vIn connection with the diilerent uses of the implement, it will be apparent that the baille is adjusted to control and regulate the exhaust so as to increase or decrease the capacity of the exhaust V,or to entirely vshut off the exhaust. These adjustments control the light and heavy impact of the hammer and adapts the hammer to a Wide range of uses.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a fluid pressure operated implement of the character described having a plunger' for actuating a tool supported in the implement, the tool end of the implementhaving an exhaust for the iluid pressure passed through the implement, means ongthe implement controlling said exhaust, said means being adjustable to regulate the power operation of the plunger to adapt the implement to the performance of different types and classes of work,means retaining said rst named means in different positions of adjustment, the exhaust of said implement comprising circumferentially spacedports, the first named means comprising a baille ring, and said baille ring having circumferentially spaced ports in registering alinement with said exhaust ports.

2. In a fluid pressure operated implement of the character described having a plunger for actuating a tool supported in the implement, the tool end of the implement having an exhaust for the iluid pressure passed through the implement,

means on the implement controlling said exhaust,

said means being adjustable to regulate the power operation of the plunger to adapt the implement to the performance of diilerent types and classes of work, means retaining said rst named means vin different positions of adjustment, the exhaust of said implement comprising circumferentially spaced ports,l the rst named means comprising a baille ring, said baille ring having circumferentially spaced ports in registering alinement with said exhaust ports, and means on the baille ring controlling the direction of the exhaust therefrom.

3. In a iluid pressure operated implement of the character described, an elongated cylinder, means mounting a tool in one end of the cylinder, said end of the cylinder having an exhaust for discharging the pressure medium from the implement, a ring type baille circumferentially ad- Y justable on said end of the cylinder in controlling A said exhaust, and means retaining the baille in different positions of adjustment.

4. In a fluid pressure operated implement of the character described, an elongated cylinder, means mounting a tool in one end of the cylinder, said end of the cylinder having an exhaust for discharging the pressure medium from the implement, a ring type baille circumferentially adjustable on said end of the cylinder, in controlling said exhaust, means retaining the baille in different positions of adjustment, said baille having a crescent shaped passage in registering alinement with the exhaust in said cylinder, and said passage controlling the exhaust in the different adjustments of the baille With respect to the cylinder exhaust.

5.- In a fluid pressure operated implement of the character described, an elongated cylinder, means mounting a tool in one end of the cylinder, said end of the cylinder having an exhausty for discharging the pressure medium from the implement, a ring type baille circumierentially adjustable on said end of the cylinder in controlling said exhaust, means retaining the baille in different positions of adjustment, said baille having a crescent shaped passage in registering alinement With the exhaust in said cylinder, said pas-v sage controlling the exhaust; in the diierent adjustments of the baille with respect to the cylinder exhaust, and the exhaust of the cylinder comprising circumferentially spaced ports and correspondingly spaced ports in the baille and registering with said crescent passage.

6. In a fluid pressure operated implement ci the character described, an elongated cylinder, means mounting a tool in one end of the cylinder, said end of the cylinder having an ,exhaust for discharging the pressure medium from the implement, a ring type baffle circumferentially adjustable on said end of the cylinder in controlling said exhaust, means retairnng the baille in different positions of adjustment, said baille having a crescent shaped passage in registering alinement with the exhaust in said cylinder, said passage controlling the exhaust in the different adjustments of the baille With respect to the cylinder exhaust, the exhaust of the cylinder comprising circumferentially spaced ports and correspondingly spaced ports in the baille and registering with said crescent passage, said bafile retaining means comprising a ratchet on the cylinder, and a spring keyed to the baille and operatively engaging said ratchet.

OLIVER O. APPTON. 

